Chicago Style Documentation References
The Chicago Manual of Style presents two basic documentation systems: the humanities style and the author-date style.
The humanities style (aka "documentary system") presents detailed bibliographic information in notes, and often in a bibliography, too.
The author-date style presents sources in the text by citing sources briefly cited in the text, usually in parentheses, by author's last name and date of publication. The short citations are detailed on the reference page, where full bibliographic information is provided. Online sources that are similar to print sources (such as articles published in online journals, magazines, or newspapers) should also be cited similarly, but with the addition of a URL.
Humanities Style
Format for Books
Single AuthorCitation: Gregory Jones, Red on Red (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999), 33.
Bibliography: Jones, Gregory. Red on Red. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999.
Two or Three Authors
Citation: (Jones and Smith 2003, 106-9).
Bibliography: Jones, Gregory, and Mark Smith. 2000. Red on Red. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Four or More Authors
Footnote: 13. Gregory Jones et al., Red on Red (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994), 151.
Bibliography: Jones, Gregory, Bob Franks, Jim Cummings, and Mark Darcy. Red on Red. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994.
Editor or Translator
Footnote: 4. Dubus, Andre, ed., From the Front Lines: Modern American War Writing (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988), 91-92.
Bibliography: Dubus, Andre, ed. From the Front Lines: Modern American War Writing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.
Work In an Anthology
Footnote: 5. Toni Cade Bambara. "My Man Bovanne," in Breaking Ice: An Anthology of Contemporary Afro-American Fiction, ed. Terry McMillan (New York: Penguin, 1990), 33-38.
Bibliography: Bambara, Toni Cade. "My Man Bovanne." In Breaking Ice: An Anthology of Contemporary Afro-American Fiction, edited by Terry McMillan, 33-38. New York: Penguin, 1990.
Introduction or Preface
Footnote: 17. James Hoffman, introduction to Last Operas and Plays, by Gertrude Stein (New York: Vintage-Random: 1978), xx-xxi.
Bibliography: Hoffman, James. Introduction to Last Operas and Plays, by Gertrude Stein, xi-xxxvii. New York: Vintage-Random, 1982.
Periodicals and Journals
Article in a print journalFootnote: 8. Philip Segal, "I Kant Believe It," Philosophical Review 98.2 (1991): 204-17.
Bibliography: Segal, Philip. "I Kant Believe It." Philosophical Review 98.2 (1998): 204-17.
Article in a newspaper
Newspaper articles may be cited in running text instead of a note or an in-text citation, and you can omit them from the bibliography as well. (e.g. "As Larry Marks suggested in a Washington Post article dated July 12, 1991, . . .)
Article in an online journal
Footnote: 33. Larry Marks, "Why Freud Matters," Psychology Online (July 12, 1991), http://psychologyonline.com.
Bibliography: Marks, Larry. "Why Freud Matters." Psychology Online (July 12, 1991), http://psychologyonline.com.
Reviews
Footnote: 1. June Morley, "A Worldly Philosopher," review of The Examined Life, by Robert Nozick, Wilson Quarterly, 14.2, 166.Bibliography: Morely, June. "A Worldly Philosopher," Review of The Examined Life, by Robert Nozick. Wilson Quarterly, 14.2, 166.
Dissertations
Footnote: 22. W. Daniels, "Fiction Lite: Popular Writing of the 21st Century" (PhD diss., Rutgers University, 1987), 120-29.Bibliography: Daniels, Wendy. "Fiction Lite: Popular Writing of the 21st Century." PhD diss., Rutgers University, 1991.
Websites
Web sites may be cited in running text instead of an in-text citation, and you can omit them from your bibliography as well. For example, "On her website, "The Witch Hunts," Julia Harris argues... .Author-Date Style
Format for Books
Single AuthorCitation: (Jones 1999, 33)
Bibliography: Jones, Gregory. 1999. Red on Red. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Two or Three Authors
Citation: (Jones and Smith 2003, 106-9)
Bibliography: Jones, Gregory, and Mark Smith. 2000. Red on Red. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000.
Four or More Authors
Citation: (Jones et al. 1994, 151)
Bibliography: Jones, Gregory, Bob Franks, Jim Cummings, and Mark Darcy. 1994. Red on Red. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Editor or Translator
Citation: (Suchan 1999, 151)
Bibliography: Suchan, Richard. Essays in Religious and Comparative Studies. Translated by Thomas L. Brown. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1990.
Work In an Anthology
Citation: (Suchan 1999, 151)
Bibliography: Suchan, Richard. "The Left and Religion," In Essays in Religious and Comparative Studies, edited by Thomas L. Brown, 151 - 53. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1990.
Introduction or Preface
Citation: (Suchan 1990, xx-xxii)
Bibliography: Suchan, Richard. 1990. Introduction to AIDS: A World Epidemic, by Thomas Brown, xx-xxii. New York: Vintage-Random, 1982.
Periodicals and Jouranls
Article in a print journalCitation: (Crane 2001, 202)
Bibliography: Crane, Barbara. 2001. "Why Psychology Matters" Nature 12.2: 202 - 207.
Article in a newspaper
Citation: (Crane 2001)
Bibliography: Crane, Barbara. 2001. House on Fire. New York Times, June 23, Arts section, Midwest edition.
Article in an online journal
Citation: (Crane et al. 2002)
Bibliography: Crane, Larry. 2002. Why Psychology Matters. Nature 12.2 (Feb 9), http://psychologytodayonline.com.
Reviews
Citation: (Crane 1999, 16)Bibliography: Crane, Larry. 1999. "A Worldly Matter," Review of Philosophy and Theory of Mind, by Bob Smith. Philosophy Quarterly, 14.1, 16.
Dissertations
Citation: (Crane 1999, 12 - 22)Bibliography: Crane, Robert. 1999. Fiction and Mimesis. PhD diss, Ohio State University.
